We did the Types of Reactions Lab Activity to discover the characteristics of different types of reactions. There are a large variety of chemical reactions that are happening around us all the time. By classifying these reactions it helps us to make sense of them and enables us to predict certain types of products. This activity I did can help to better understand and gives the opportunity to learn and apply one classification scheme.
Bunsen Burner- Used in several of the reaction's in the lab.
Ammonia the nastiest smelling substance I believe that is out there! (Besides a dead skunk being run over by a dump truck!) :)
We did the Types of Reactions Lab Activity to discover the characteristics of different types of reactions. There are a large variety of chemical reactions that are happening around us all the time. By classifying these reactions it helps us to make sense of them and enables us to predict certain types of products. This activity I did can help to better understand and gives the opportunity to learn and apply one classification scheme.
Reaction #1 In the first reaction we took a test tube and filled it half full with Hydrochloric Acid, then put it in a rack and then put a strip of magnesium metal in the tube and had my partner hold the second test tube in an inverted position over the tube containing the acid and magnesium. We held the position until the chemical reaction was over. We then lit a match and tested the remaining gas in the test tube. We recorded observations of the reaction of a popping sound once we lit the match which then created the gas H2. Magnesium + Hydrochloric Acid --> Magnesium Chloride & Hydrogen 2HCL +Mg --> H2 +MCl2 Single Replacement
In reaction two we lit a Bunsen burner and took a pair of tongs and held a small strip of magnesium over the flame. Let's just say you shouldn't stare straight into the light. The magnesium turned into a bright flare like light. And if you stared long enough like I did your vision is blurry for around five minutes and then it's all good. After it all burned out I placed the ashy product on a watch glass. Reaction #2 Magnesium + Oxygen --> Magnesium Oxide Mg +O2 --> MgO 2Mg + O2 --> 2MgO Synthesis
I would have to say that the fourth part of the lab was the worst one. Once I explain you will soon understand. In this reaction we took a small amount of ammonium carbonate into a test tube and then heated the bottom of the tube we were then told to waft the gas coming out of it. No, not a good idea. Do you know what ammonia is? It is a colorless gas with a charachteristic pungent smell. Cat litter that hasn't been changed in weeks will come into mind when you do this chemical reaction. Not one of the best labs I have done. Reaction #4 Ammonium Carbonate + Heat --> BBQ Smell/ Cat Litter/Ammonia (NH4) 2CO3 Heat --> 2NH3 + CO2 + H2O Decomposition
Reaction #6 Potassium Iodide + Lead (II) Nitrate --> Lead (II) Iodide + Potassium Nitrate KI + Pb (NO3) --> Pb2 + KNO32 Double Replacement
Reaction #7 Copper (II) Carbonate + Heat --> Carbon Dioxide + Copper (II) Oxide CuCO2 --> Co2 +CuO Decomposition
Gases Produced -smothered fire -CO2 -explosion/popping sound -H2 -reignite/light -O2
Overall I really enjoyed this lab because there were 7 diverse types of Chemical Reactions to choose from. My favorite lab was where we heated the bottom of the test tube and created the ammonia smell. I loved this one but hated it at the same time, because I have a new found respect for the smell of ammonia. Next time I have to do a lab with ammonia I will waft it and not straight up smell it
If your Cat took Chemistry, Would she eat this stuff? That was the question for the topic on this lab. We had to look at a list of ingredients for Puss n Boots Pounce (shrimp flavor) treats for cats. In the long list of ingredients there were 11 bold listed ingredients to investigate on. The purpose of this activity was to practice writing formulas for simple inorganic compounds whose names are found on labels of products in the store. We had to use the list of ingredients on the cat food to learn how to spot ionic compounds in products and use ion reference charts to see which ions are present.
In the light spectrum lab we went into the Chemistry Room and watched Mr. Ludwig demonstrate the change the color behind the light. Light and color have intrigued humans since the start of time. In this experiment, we looked at several aspects of light including:
The visible spectrum of colors (red to violet)
Bright line spectra as emitted by an excited gas or solid
The relationship between color, wavelength, frequency and energy.
What is the Electromagnetic Spectrum? The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all possible frequencies of electromagnetic radiation. The "electromagnetic spectrum" of an object has a different meaning, and is instead the characteristic distribution of electromagnetic radiation emitted or absorbed by that particular object.
Continuous Spectrum This spectrum is an emission spectrum that consists of a continuum of wavelengths. It has no separation.
Absorption Spectrum- red The Absorption Spectrum is a spectrum of electromagnetic radiation transmitted through a substance, showing dark lines or bands due to absorption of specific wavelengths. It absorbs the color green.
Blue in front of Light (Absorption Spectrum) When you put the color in front of the light it loses all of the colors.
Rainbow Bar Code (Emission Spectrum) For this spectrum we used a neon bulb.
Mercury When mercury was used I was able to see the colors purple, green, orange and a tint of yellow.
Iodine Vapor In the Iodine Vapor demonstration I seen a purple/white light.
Hydrogen When we used hydrogen I observed purple, green, orange and red.
The energy of a photon, or quantum is related to it's: Frequency
The behavior of Cathode rays produced in a glass tube containing gas at low pressure led scientists to conclude: The rays are composed of negatively charged particles.
The set of orbitals that are dumbell-shaped and directed along the XYZ and axes are called: P Orbitals
The element with electron configuration 1s22s22p63s23p2 is" Silicon z=14
Visible light, X rays, Infrared Radiation and Radio Waves all have the same: Speed
Notation for the three highest energy electrons.
A 3 dimensional region around a nucleus where an electron may be found: Orbital
Product of the frequency and the wavelength equals the: Number of waves passing a point in a second B. Speed of the wave C. Distance between wave crests or D. Time for one full wave to pass.
An atom is electrically neutral because: The number of electrons are equal to the number of protons.
The number of orbitals for D is: Five
According to the particle model of light cannot eject electrons from metals because: The energy of the light is too low. Photons of light need to have enough energy to eject an electron. The energy of a photon is given as E = (Planck's constant) * (frequency)
As the atomic number increased, the atomic radius decreases.
In the Conductivity Lab me and my group were instructed to create our own lab and reach a conclusion on which random substances we mixed together with 10 ml of water would conduct electricity when we dissolved it in water. Our control for this lab was Tap Water, because we knew that distilled water would not conduct electricity because of the numerous chemicals that have been cleaned out of it, which tap water would still have conducted. For our indicator to tell us whether it conducted electricity or not is a "ghetto" battery charged tool. There were two lights to tell us whether it conducted electricity or not. Red Dim-low conductor Medium-good conductor High-High conductor
Green Dim-good conductor Medium-good conductor High-High conductor
If both the green and red lights were on together then you knew that this substance was a great conductor of electricity.
5 Substances Used including our control (tap water)
Tap Water-Green -Red/Medium Pure water itself does not conduct electricity and since tap water is not pure, there are a variety of other compounds within it, electrolytes that conduct the electricity through the water.
Citric Acid- Red -Red/Green-Dim Citric Acid can conduct electricity, it is an electrolyte and it carries electricity.
Sugar-Yellow -no color/does not conduct electricity Non-electrolyte substance, that does not produce ions or conduct electricity in water.
Lithium Chloride-Orange -Red/Green When it is not in a solid and there would be free moving ions to conduct electricity.
Fructose-Blue -no color/does not conduct electricity Does not conduct any electricity to turn either the green or the red light on.